How due dates are calculated
Obstetrics counts pregnancy as 280 days — exactly 40 weeks — from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP), not from conception (which usually happens ~14 days later, hence the "two weeks pregnant at conception" quirk). The classic shortcut is Naegele's rule: LMP + 7 days − 3 months + 1 year. If you know the ovulation or conception date instead, add 266 days (38 weeks). The date anchors everything else: trimesters (weeks 1–13, 14–27, 28–40), screening schedules, and growth charts all count from it.
Worked example: LMP March 10, 2026
Add 280 days to March 10, 2026: March has 21 days remaining after the 10th, then April (30), May (31), June (30), July (31), August (31), September (30), October (31), November (30) = 265 days, leaving 15 → December 15, 2026. (Naegele's rule gives December 17 — the two-day gap is just calendar rounding; both mean "mid-December.") Week 40 lands exactly on a Tuesday, 40 × 7 days later, same weekday as the LMP.
Practical tips and limits
Only about 5% of babies arrive on the due date — think "due month," with 37–42 weeks all full-term. An early ultrasound (weeks 8–12) dates pregnancy more precisely than LMP and your provider may adjust the date by a few days. Track milestones by week, not by the single date, and you will never be misled.
Trimesters and what happens when
The due date anchors the whole schedule. First trimester (weeks 1–13): dating ultrasound, first screening bloods. Second trimester (14–27): the anatomy scan around week 20, glucose screening near week 24–28. Third trimester (28–40): growth checks, Group B strep test, birth planning. Key milestones count from the same LMP: quickening (first movements) ~weeks 16–20, viability ~week 24. When a provider says "you're 24 weeks," they mean 24 weeks from the LMP date this calculator starts from — one consistent clock for every appointment, test, and decision.
Key takeaways
- 280 days (40 weeks) from the first day of the last period; ~266 days from ovulation.
- Only ~5% arrive on the date — think "due month."
- Early ultrasound (weeks 8–12) gives the most precise dating.